The awareness of the impacts of urban freight transport on European towns has reached momentum. Urban freight transport is responsible for 20% of freight transport CO2 emissions (EEA, 2014) despite freight vehicles represent only 12-15% of total urban traffic [EC 2012]. Although significant efforts are made in EU cities, the need of accelerating and spreading the implementation of more sustainable urban logistics solutions has become urgent [EC 2013]. According to this, Access Control Systems to the Limited Traffic Zone (LTZ) represents one of the main tool for reducing traffic congestion and for implementing enforcement policies in urban areas. In general, the related ICT infrastructures are nowadays installed in EU towns and are available for the application of specific enforcement control schemes, aimed at reducing the negative impacts of last mile logistics.
